Port Arthur (ON)

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        Port Arthur (ON)

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            Port Arthur (ON)

              11 Authority record results for Port Arthur (ON)

              11 results directly related Exclude narrower terms
              Canadan Suomalainen Järjestö
              Corporate body · 1911-1971

              Canadan Suomalainen Järjestö (CSJ) was founded in 1911. Originally called Canadan Suomalainen Sosialisti Järjestö (CSSJ; Finnish Socialist Organization of Canada.) The CSJ is the oldest nationwide Finnish cultural organization in Canada. CSJ drew in Finnish Canadian immigrants who were associated with the Communist Party of Canada and the Canadian Socialist Federation. The Canadian Socialist Federation later became the Social Democratic Party of Canada (SDP). The CSJ published Finnish newspapers, Työkansa (bankrupt in 1915) and Vapaus (in Sudbury, 1917-1974).

              In 1914, the CSJ grew to 65 local branches and over 3,000 members, who mostly were associated with the SDP. During 1915, WWI restrictions partially caused a drop in the CSJ membership to 1,867 members. By 1918, in Order-in-Council PC 2381 and PC 2384, the Canadian federal government prohibited the CSJ and deemed Finnish an “enemy language.” The prohibition caused the CSSJ to become what is now known as the CSJ, and they successfully ended their prohibition. By 1921, the CSJ became integral to the Communist Party, although it shifted towards workers' rights. The Canadian government continued to view the CSJ as a threat. In 1940, the CSJ was prohibited again. By the 1950s the CSJ’s members had dwindled to 36.

              In Port Arthur, the Canadan Suomalainen Järjestö was associated with the "Small Finn Hall" at 316 Bay Street. Sanna Kannasto was a key figure in the CSJ's earlier years, as a co-founder and organizer.

              Sources
              City of Port Arthur
              Corporate body · 1884-1969

              Port Arthur was founded as a municipality in 1884, was granted City status in 1907, and was amalgamated into the City of Thunder Bay on January 1, 1970.

              Settlers moved into the area along the shore of Thunder Bay and near Fort William through the 19th century, particularly drawn by the promise of resources: both forest resources and mining exploration. The Department of Public Works construction of the Dawson Road westward, to support the Wolseley Expedition against the Red River Rebellion, established the site which was first named Prince Arthur's Landing in 1870. The first Town Plot was surveyed for settlement in 1871.

              The Municipality of Shuniah was incorporated in 1873, including Prince Arthur's Landing, Fort William, Thunder Cape, and the townships of McGregor, Crooks, McTavish, McIntyre, Paipoonge and Neebing. The name "Port Arthur" was established in 1883, renamed by Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) officials. The Town of Port Arthur became separate from the Municipality of Shuniah in 1884.

              Railway construction and operations, and the construction of terminal grain elevators became highly important to the region's economy, and competition for these facilities developed between Port Arthur and Fort William. Ultimately, Port Arthur was home to the Canadian Northern Railway and then facilities of the Canadian National Railways.

              As Port Arthur and Fort William each grew, and grew closer together, the question of amalgamation was raised many times. The City of the Lakehead Act was enacted by Ontario in 1969, and with it both Port Arthur and Fort William would be amalgamated into the new City of Thunder Bay. As of January 1, 1970, the act took effect and Port Arthur was no longer a separate entity.

              Sources
              City of Thunder Bay
              Corporate body · 1970-

              The City of Thunder Bay was established in 1970, by the amalgamation of the Cities of Fort William and Port Arthur, the Township of Neebing, and the Township of McIntyre. Suggestions of amalgamation had been made for decades; the process began in the mid 1960s and culminated in a provincial Act.

              The region's settlement by Europeans had begun during the fur trade in the late 17th century, and increased significantly in the 19th century, which also saw the establishment of Municipalities of Fort William and Port Arthur. The name "Thunder Bay" is the longstanding name of the bay on Lake Superior, framed by the Sleeping Giant Peninsula. The name "The Lakehead" also frequently used, refers to the location at the beginning of the Great Lakes shipping route.

              Thunder Bay as a City has been shaped by industry: mining, forestry, and the shipment of grain from Western Canada through the St. Lawrence Seaway have all been key to the local economy.

              Statistics Canada estimates that as of July 1, 2024, there were 133,063 people living in the Thunder Bay Census Metropolitan Area.

              Sources
              Fisher, Douglas
              Person · 1919-2009

              Douglas Fisher was born in 1919 in Sioux Lookout, Ontario, and graduated from the University of Toronto with a degree in library science. Fisher worked in various fields throughout his life: including as a miner, teacher, librarian, politician, and journalist. During the Second World War, Fisher served in the Canadian military. Additionally, he served as chairman of Hockey Canada. Primarily, Fisher is known for being a political journalist and politician.

              After graduating from the University of Toronto, Fisher taught history at the Port Arthur Collegiate Institute. In 1957, Fisher was elected as Member of Parliament for the Port Arthur District, beating the long-time incumbent C.D. Howe. He sat from 1957 to 1965. Fisher represented the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) and then the New Democratic Party (NDP), as the party's name and identity changed. Fisher’s political service is known for his involvement in the transportation and shipbuilding industries in the Ontario northwestern region.

              In 1965, Fisher began working as a columnist in Ottawa for the Toronto Sun and retired by 2006, after 46 years. As a journalist, Fisher was known for his political coverage and was praised by various politicians. Douglas Fisher passed away in 2009.

              Sources
              Garton, Claude E.
              Person · 1906-1996

              Claude Garton was born in 1907 in Aylmer, Ontario, and graduated from London Normal School in 1926. In 1928, he moved to Port Arthur to work as a teacher at the St. James Street, Pine Street, and Current River schools. Current River School promoted Garten to principal. In 1933, Garton began his work as a botanist, collecting plants. During WWII, from 1942-1946, Garton paused his career to serve in the Canadian forces, and by 1951, he began collecting plants again. In 1967, Garton retired as principal at Current River School, now known as Claude E. Garton School, to work as a botanist full-time. Upon his retirement, Garton also collected specimens for the Canadian Museum of Nature in Ottawa, Ontario.

              Garten donated approximately 14,000 specimens to Lakehead University’s Herbarium, which became the Claude E. Garton Herbarium. Garton was appointed the curator at the Herbarium, and was a frequent informal mentor for students. He taught one botany class at Lakehead University. Garton curated for the Herbarium until his retirement in 1990. In 1996, Garton passed away. As well as at Lakehead, Garton’s specimens can be seen at the National Museum of Canada, the Royal Ontario Museum (ROM), and across North America.

              Sources
              Kannasto, Sanna
              Person · 1878-1968

              Sanna Kannasto was born in Ylihärmä, Finland, and educated at Finlandia University. In 1899, she immigrated to the United States and continued her education at Suomi College in Hancock, Michigan. By 1901, she had relocated to Port Arthur, Ontario, Canada. Kannasto assisted in founding the Canadan Suomalainen Järjestö (Finnish Organization of Canada (FOC)) and worked closely within the organization.

              Kannasto, and the FOC, were associated with the Socialist Party of Canada (1904-1925) and the Socialist Democratic Party (1911). Kannasto worked as an organizer, encouraging Finnish Canadians to join the Socialist Party of Canada and the FOC. She traveled across the nation gathering support, and fought for workers' and women’s rights in Northwestern Ontario. Kannasto particularly raised awareness of women’s rights in labour, marital issues, and contraception.

              Kannasto was considered a threat to Canada by the RCMP. She was arrested in the early 1920s trying to reach Alberta (Canada), and in 1925 trying to reach Montana (United States). Due to government aggression, by the mid-1930s Kannasto retreated from her political pursuits. Kannasto spent her remaining decades working on a homestead just outside of Port Arthur.

              Sources
              Lakehead Chamber of Commerce
              Corporate body · 1965-1970

              In 1965, the Lakehead Chamber of Commerce was founded by the merger of the Port Arthur Board of Trade (1885-1965) and the Fort William Chamber of Commerce (1891-1965.) The two entities voluntarily came together under the Board of Trade Act (1964). In 1970, the City of Thunder Bay was founded, amalgamating the City of Fort William and the City of Port Arthur. The Lakehead Chamber of Commerce likewise was renamed as the Thunder Bay Chamber of Commerce. The Chamber of Commerce is a membership organization, working to build and support a local business community.

              The Fort William Chamber of Commerce was first founded as the Kaministikwia Club in 1879, out of tensions between the early communities of Prince Arthur's Landing and Fort William, particularly regarding rail infrastructure. They renamed as the Fort William Chamber of Commerce in 1930. The Port Arthur Board of Trade was founded in 1885 and was renamed the Port Arthur Board of Trade in 1922.

              Sources
              Pajala, Toivo
              Person · 1903-1972

              Toivo Pajala was born in 1903 in Vimpeli, Finland and educated at Western Bible College in Winnipeg. At age 19, Pajala migrated to Canada; by 1923, he migrated to Port Arthur, Ontario. Originally Pajala worked as a bushworker. Pajala is known as a preacher: first Laestadian and then Pentecostal. He was ordained in Toronto, in 1946. In 1949, Pajala married his wife, Sylvia.

              In Port Arthur, Pajala served as the pastor of Saalem Finnish Pentecostal Church (1949-1963). By 1951, Pajala founded a Finnish-language Pentecostal radio program; it reached the rural areas of the Lakehead, including the camps of bushworkers. In 1936, Pajala migrated to Waukegan, Illinois; he worked as a pastor until retiring in 1967. Upon retirement, Pajala returned to Port Arthur. He remained active in the church until his passing in 1972.
              Robinson, Frederick O.
              Person · 1903-1969

              Frederick O. Robinson was born in 1903 in Port Arthur, Ontario, and was educated through a machinist trade apprenticeship. Robinson worked at the Canadian National Railway (CNR) for 25 years before being elected to the Ontario Legislature in 1943, representing the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) party. Despite his election win, Robinson continued working as a machinist at the CNR.

              From 1943 to 1945, Robinson served on the Board of Education. In this role, Robinson pushed to establish a university in Northwestern Ontario; this work led to the founding of the Lakehead Technical Institute (1946), which later became Lakehead University.

              From 1946-1949, Robinson served on the Port Arthur City Council. From 1949-1955, Robinson was elected the Mayor of Port Arthur. His time in office is remembered for the founding of new schools, new health and welfare offices, and a new fire hall; and improving infrastructure, such as sidewalks and storm sewers. After 1955, Robinson served as a Personnel and Public Relations Officer for the Port Arthur Public Utilities Commission. Robinson retired in 1966 and passed away in 1969.
              Thunder Bay Field Naturalists
              Corporate body · 1933-

              The Thunder Bay Field Naturalists' Club was first established on January 26, 1933 as a chapter of the Federation of Ontario Naturalists. The club originally consisted of 32 members, with Colonel Lionel S. Dear as president. After holding several meetings in 1933 the club dissolved, primarily due to the effects of the Great Depression. The Field Naturalists restarted in 1937 with Claude E. Garton as president. By 1939 there were upwards of 50 active members. The Second World War brought most club activities to a halt, as many members were busy with the war effort. The club was once again revived in 1946 by Dr. Howard Quackenbush and Dr. Albert E. Allen, who was president from 1943-46 and from 1951-53. Since then, the club has gained steadily in membership and continues to be active in the Thunder Bay community.

              The Thunder Bay Field Naturalists originally formed to promote the sharing of knowledge about natural history topics among its members. At first, the club concentrated on the specific interests of individual members on certain plants, birds, fish, rocks, etc, but as time progressed they began to focus more upon larger environmental issues. The current goals of the Field Naturalists are to: acquire, record, and disseminate knowledge of natural history; to promote the wise use of natural resources; to stimulate public interest in nature and its protection; and to promote the preservation of natural areas. Throughout their history the Field Naturalists have engaged in many activities to meet these goals. They have regularly held field trips to various parks in the region. Members have lectured on natural history topics. They have brought in guest speakers at their meetings from the Lakehead University Biology department, the Thunder Bay region, and other individuals from outside the region. The club has also actively supported conservation activities to protect wildlife, including supporting a ban on the harmful chemical DDT. They have participated in discussions on the management of provincial parks, Ontario Hydro projects, and other environmental concerns.
              Whalen, James
              Person · 1869-1929

              James Whalen was born in Collingwood, Ontario in 1869. In 1875, at the age of six, his family moved to Port Arthur, Ontario. Not long after the Whalens' arrival in Port Arthur, James' father drowned and he was left as the sole provider for his mother and younger siblings.

              Once out of public school Whalen entered the logging and railway contracting business with a very strong drive for achievement. He cared deeply for the city of Port Arthur and wished to develop the city as much as possible. The empire which he eventually built included logging, pebble, dredging, shipbuilding, insurance, and real estate companies. For his involvement with the dredging and shipping industries, Whalen came to be known as the man who "put the Port in Port Arthur." One of his great accomplishments was the construction of the Whalen Building in 1913, which still stands today as the Thunder Bay Hydro Building. When it opened in 1914 it was said to be "the finest between Toronto and Winnipeg."

              James Whalen married Laurel Conmee, the daughter of James Conmee, Member of Parliament. Together James and Laurel had five children, Hazel, Edward, Jim, Loley, and
              Margaret.

              During his last years, Whalen moved to the West coast to continue working with the pulp and paper industries. Within a few years he was diagnosed with Bright's Disease, affecting his kidneys. He passed away on June 4, 1929, while being treated in a Duluth, MN hospital. In recognition of this man and his accomplishments, the city of Port Arthur honoured him with a half-day holiday.