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This series is made up primarily of research material gathered by Penny Petrone on Indigenous literature, culture, and history across North America, though primarily of those groups residing in Canada and the Northern United States. This research was used mainly for teaching material and for her books First People, First Voices (1983) and Native Literature in Canada (1990), but as Petrone maintained and rearranged these files throughout her life, this series also contains some more recent research on Indigenous peoples from after the publication of her books.

This series is organized alphabetically, for the most part, and begins with the research material. Expect to find in this series photocopies of historical documents from federal and provincial archives across Canada, for example of letters, petitions, and books written during the 18th and 19th centuries concerning relations between Indigenous peoples and European settlers in Canada. Also expect to find a large collection of newspaper articles, original and photocopied, as well as excerpts from books and journals that cover Indigenous history, culture, language and relations with settlers. Many of the files contain handwritten notes by Penny Petrone, and some contain essays written by her or by her students.

Near the end of the series, expect to find typewritten and galley copies of First People, First Voices and Native Literature in Canada, alongside original and photocopied correspondence between Petrone and people involved in the editing, publishing, reviewing, and marketing of her books. There is also an extensive collection of published reviews for her books and personal mementos from, for example, celebration dinners and ceremonies held in her honour.

Please note that while language relating to Indigenous peoples has been updated in the file titles and descriptions, the historical material itself contains terms that are considered outdated and insensitive. The Archives would be happy to receive input on the language used in file titles and descriptions.

This file contains both hand-written and typed out copies of student course evaluations (for the course - English 2702) taught by Petrone. Many students enjoyed learning from Dr. Petrone and said that this course was "perhaps the only course that did not portray the Indian as Indolent" and gave a positive contribution to Canadian society by native people.

This file includes a strongly worded letter written by Janice Acoose addressing the need for Canadian Press to start capitalizing the words Native, Aboriginal, and Indigenous. She urges people to help change this by writing letters of support which she will forward to the Canadian Press.

This file contains a postcard of the Awaga Pictograph Rock and an article from The Globe Magazine from 1970 that talks about the Indian Rock Painting under the cliffs of Lake Superior. Description on the back of the postcard states the following: "The Agawa Pictograph Rock is located 1 mile north of Agawa Bay Scenic Lookout in the Lake Superior Provincial Park. Several hundred years have passed since the Indian travellers recorded their journeys and legends on the rock face overlooking Lake Superior."

This file contains a ton of different documents that range from newspaper clippings, handwritten notes, manuscripts, essays, book chapter excerpts about Rev. Dr. Edward Ahenakew. He was the grand-nephew of Poundmaker, prominent in religious and educational circles in Western Canada. In 1931, he gave the address setting out the Indigenous peoples' defence against the generally accepted causes leading to the Frog Lake Massacre.

This folder has two documents: an article and a clipping from a newspaper, on Akoose - "an Indian of the Crooked Lake Agency" who in 1884 ran after 7 jumping deer from Moose Mountain to Crooked lake - roughly a distance of 70 miles without any ammunition. In the end, he got ammunition from the Crooked Lake Agency and killed the deer. He came from a well known family of runners and hunters.

This file contains photocopies of a variety of Traditional Stories of tribes composing the Algonkian nation. There is an article from the Journal of American Folk-lore that talks about "The Fall of Hochelaga: A study of popular tradition". This article talks about Jacques Cartier and his voyage, two distinct ethnic groups - the Algonquin Anishinaabe and the Huron-Iroquois families.

This file contains an article from a 1986 edition of The Beaver entitled "Assiginack's Canoe: Memories of Indian Warfare on the Great Lakes" by J.G. Taylor. It details the work of Jean-Baptiste Assiginack - an Ottawa (Odawa) Chief and veteran of the War of 1812 - who drew upon his experiences to create a unique historical document in three dimensions of the early 19th century. He specifically created a war canoe and its crew that is now housed in the Canadian Museum of Civilization.

This file has an article entitled, A Euclataw Chief, by E. F. Meade. It examines the life of Chief Billy Assu of the Cape Mudge band of the Kwakiutl, who died in February 1965. The article further delves into the origin of the Wiwekae band. They were known previously as the Lekwiltok people and since the 1860s, have been called Euclataw. The Lekwiltok were the southernmost branch of the Kwakiutl-speaking people whose territory extended from the northeastern part of Vancouver Island to the Nuxalk (Bella Coola) country on the mainland.

This file contains a photocopy of a chapter from a book that talks about the Bagot Commission, that in 1844 reported on the Department and Indian conditions. It includes statements made by the Lieutenant-Governor Bond Head in 1836 who "considered it a near hopeless task to attempt to "advance" and assimilate Indian people". It further explains the failure of Captain Thomas G. Anderson (1830) who undertook an experiment in "civilizing" the Indians at Coldwater on the Narrows reserve on the northwest of Lake Simcoe and the failure of Bond Head's Manitoulin Project of 1836.

This file contains information on Marius Barbeau, whose biography is called Man of Mana written by Laurence Nowry. Barbeau was an eminent figure in Canadian anthropology, whose work contributed significantly to Ottawa's Canadian Museum of Civilization collections. He is celebrated for his research on the North Pacific Coast and for his definitive studies of totem poles and fieldwork with Tsimsyan, Haida, and Tlingit.

This file has an article from Maclean's (May 3, 1976) titled "Judgement at Yellowknife: End of Part I". It examines the The Berger Commission, officially the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry, on the impact of building a pipeline to take natural gas from the Mackenzie Valley Delta to markets in southern Canada and the United States.

This file contains a letter from Elisabeth Knowles (Reference Librarian, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada) to Dr. Petrone regarding a bibliography on Canadian Native Authors that pre-dates 1984. Also includes bibliographies pertaining to Indigenous writers such as: Jeannette Armstrong, Bernelda Wheeler, Maria Campbell, and more.

In this file, there is an excerpt from the Archaeological Report (pages 187 to 247) from 1905. The section written by Franz Boas, from pages 235-247, is called "The Tribes of North Pacific Coast". Boas talks about how society was divided in the North Pacific coast by class, and discusses the system of barter and exchange during that time period.

This file has photocopies and re-typed versions of letters from 1829, Brantford. These letters were written by Isaac Brant, Six Nations Supt. regarding Land quality belonging to the Indians.

This file has a photocopy of Brant's letter to Col. McKee (document from the Public Archives Canada - Indian Affairs, RG 10, Volume 9, pp. 8812 - 9222).

This file has photocopies of handwritten letters from the late 1840s-50s, along with newsletters, articles, biographies on Henry Budd. Henry Budd was a Hudson's Bay Company clerk, farmer, teacher, and first Indigenous person ordained as an Anglican priest in North America (1850). He was acknowledged to be one of the most dedicated missionaries in the NorthWest. Budd's diary entries (1852) are said to be an example of pioneer missionary literature revealing useful information on the weather and the spiritual, secular everyday activities of the members of his congregation.

This file contains the work of Victoria Callihoo. It has photocopies of three stories: 1) The Iroquois in Alberta, 2) Our Buffalo Hunts, 3) Early life in Lac Ste. Anne and St. Albert in the eighteen seventies. Mrs. Callihoo lived in the Lac Ste. Anne district and her "Our Buffalo Hunts" and "The Iroquois in Alberta" stories were written in 1948.

This file has the lectures given by Penny Petrone at LU for Dr. Rabb's philosophy class focusing on Canadian Aboriginal Philosophy. It includes lectures written by Petrone, talking points on cue cards, and articles with relevant information.

This issue of The Canadian Forum is focused on Native Land Claims and the Mackenzie Pipeline. It includes articles on the treaties, Dene Nation, and Confederation. This magazine also has poetry and book reviews.

This file has a bibliography titled "Early Reserves: "We must go begging", and a news article on "Lumbering on Cape Croker" - part one of a series, taken from a speech by Carl Whicher of Colpoy Bay in October 1973.

This file has a note regarding the Chief Capilano medallion received from King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra in London in 1906.

This file has a magazine,The Archivist, on Jacques Cartier, the French navigator who set out from Saint-Malo with "61 men and two ships, commissioned by King Francis I of France to discover certain islands where it is said that a great quality of gold, and other precious things, are to be found." It also includes the accounts of Jacques Cartier's voyages.

This file has "An Indian Epic" - The Story of Charcoal by Z.M. Hamilton. Charcoal was Kainai, and was killed at Fort MacLeod in 1897.

This file has a newspaper article titled "No Snapshots in the Attic: A Granddaughter's Search for a Cherokee Past" by Connie May Fowler. Connie May Fowler is the author of two novels, "Sugar Cage" and "River of Hidden Dreams". In this book review, it talks about coming from a diverse bloodline: Cherokee, Irish, German, French - but having very few possessions handed down. Fowler goes into depth about her grandmother's story, Oneida Hunter May.